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Credit Risk Concentration
Regulatory frameworks generally recognize the following specific [[Concentration Risk ...resented by the largest exposure. For example, if a bank has 5 outstanding loans, with four of equal value and the fifth having twice the value, then the co

2 KB (273 words) - 11:29, 5 February 2020
Credit Score
* Credit scores may feed into calculations of regulatory capital which determines minimum requirements for a bank's own funds (equit ...alyst input is not cost-efficient at a granular level, which is typical of loans to individuals or [[SME Lending]]. Ratings are used for other (higher) risk

5 KB (780 words) - 15:23, 6 November 2021
Default Definition
* The term is particularly relevant for financial intermediaries in the regulatory context of [[Basel II]]/[[Basel III]] and the accounting context of [[IFRS == Regulatory Definitions ==

8 KB (1,109 words) - 16:07, 22 February 2021
Credit Portfolio
* Loans and related [[Lending products | product]] portfolios originated by lending ...integration of total credit exposure to counterparties (which may involve loans, bonds and derivative exposure).

2 KB (317 words) - 13:57, 17 November 2019
Trading Book
...he applicable capital requirements, opening up possibilities for potential Regulatory Arbitrage, that is, using the classification that would require the least c

2 KB (293 words) - 21:31, 1 November 2021
ASRF model
The exposure for corporate loans is calculated as follows<ref>[http://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs118.htm Basel II: regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems </ref>

5 KB (696 words) - 12:30, 26 March 2021
Risk Capital
When a firm choose to fund itself also with debt liabilities (loans, bonds etc.) the amount of risk capital has a direct impact on the [[Credit ...d discretionary amounts of risk capital but are obliged to follow specific regulatory frameworks (as those are applied in various jurisdictions).

1 KB (213 words) - 12:53, 5 February 2020
External Fraud
...sons external to the firm. External Fraud is a recognized risk category in regulatory frameworks worldwide (Basel II/III standards). ** Credit Product Fraud (loans, letters of credit, guarantees)

3 KB (372 words) - 15:27, 8 February 2020
Fintech Risk Events
| [[Payday Loans]] | [[Payday Loans]]

9 KB (1,186 words) - 12:35, 11 March 2024
Credit Scoring Models
* are used in different workflows ([[Regulatory Capital]] under [[Basel III]], [[IFRS 9]] reporting, [[Economic Capital]] e ...n <ref>K Roszbach "Bank lending policy, credit scoring and the survival of loans", (1998) </ref>|| No || Yes || Regr. || Yes (GLM) || Yes || Yes || Yes || Y

11 KB (1,491 words) - 15:41, 7 March 2023
Significant Increase in Credit Risk
...ted to be capable of absorbing expected credit losses (for example, on the loans underlying the security). * An actual or expected significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the borrower that results in a s

7 KB (1,085 words) - 11:20, 22 December 2020
Non-Performing Exposure
'''Non-Performing Exposure''' is a term used by regulatory authorities to denote lending contracts or other counterparty exposures tha ...ed for ''accounting purpose''s, or as ''defaulted'' in accordance with the regulatory framework.

3 KB (365 words) - 12:30, 16 September 2021
Credit Risk Management
* Analysis of loans originated by other lenders ...gregate risk monitoring, including in relation to ICAAP and any applicable regulatory metrics, e.g. large exposures rules;

7 KB (914 words) - 16:31, 3 June 2020
NPL Glossary
...ies</ref> and the ECB Guidance<ref>ECB Guidance to banks on non-performing loans, March 2017</ref>. The links are to more detailed articles that offer in-de ...atory''' Perspective: The status and visibility of the problem loan versus regulatory disclosures

6 KB (800 words) - 11:19, 28 September 2021
Non-Performing Loan
...ing Loan''' (NPL) is a broad term used by financial institutions, denoting loans (or other similar credit) that are problematic in the sense that there is d ...ycle]], description of the various stages that characterize non-performing loans

1 KB (155 words) - 17:51, 3 June 2022
Collateral Valuation
== Regulatory Requirements == ** Frequency of collateral revaluation (incl. indicator of number of loans overdue for appraisal)

2 KB (323 words) - 18:40, 24 January 2021
Impaired versus Non-Performing Loans
== Impaired versus Non-Performing Loans == ...etc. etc. Some of those terms have very specific legal, accounting and/or regulatory meaning in the applicable jurisdiction. Others are informally used by the p

4 KB (578 words) - 14:12, 29 March 2021
Cure Rate
...ructuring, present no arrears.<ref>ECB Guidance to banks on non-performing loans, March 2017</ref> ...t facilities cured naturally.<ref>ECB: Guidance to banks on non-performing loans, March 2017</ref>

7 KB (1,026 words) - 12:28, 9 June 2021
IRB Asset Classes
| Central banks and central governments || Assets – Loans and receivables – Central banks and general governments | Institutions ||Assets – Loans and receivables – Credit institutions and other financial corporations

4 KB (455 words) - 17:14, 4 November 2019
NPL Risk Factors
...ble to banks is implicit here<ref>ECB: Guidance to banks on non-performing loans, March 2017</ref> === The Regulatory, legal and judicial framework ===

4 KB (608 words) - 16:57, 1 September 2020
Default Rate
...ically measured [[Credit Event]] realization rate. It is the rate at which loans or other credit assets in a pool default. == Regulatory Requirements ==

11 KB (1,612 words) - 14:40, 6 September 2020
Expected Loss Best Estimate
...<ref>EBA/CP/2016/21</ref>. The measure is related to but distinct from the regulatory [[LGD In-Default]], and also distinct from accounting measurements (includi ...ir ELBE from the market prices of financial instruments such as marketable loans, bonds or credit default instruments;

4 KB (570 words) - 09:59, 14 May 2021
EBA 2018 Stress Test Definitions
...(in case collateral is assigned to several debtors) is to be reported. No regulatory haircuts should be applied. Banks are required to provide detailed informat ...ars following year t. This naturally depends on the characteristics of the loans at time t.

17 KB (2,890 words) - 23:45, 4 May 2018
How to Develop an IFRS 9 Impairment Framework
...sions available through the links. The list is compiled from the published regulatory guidance<ref>IFRS Standard 9, Financial Instruments</ref><ref>BIS-D350, Dec ...ne whether the “low credit risk assumption” will be applied to certain loans

2 KB (298 words) - 12:27, 25 September 2021
EBA 2018 Credit Risk Stress Test
* Loans and receivables accounted at [[Amortised Cost]] ...the time horizon of the stress test should be assumed to be replaced with loans that are also in Stage 1 respectively in Stage 2.

12 KB (1,891 words) - 18:43, 4 May 2018
Non-Performing Loan Valuation
...dels | Valuation Model]] applied to [[Non-Performing Loan | Non-Performing Loans]]. ...e: Large individually assessed loans versus collectively assessed (retail) loans

16 KB (2,148 words) - 11:27, 18 October 2020
Credit Pricing
...ifferentiating between their pricing frameworks, depending on the types of loans and borrowers. For consumers and micro and small enterprises, the pricing s Institutions should set out specific approaches to pricing promotional loans, when risk- based and performance considerations specified in this section

6 KB (812 words) - 14:41, 1 September 2020
FX Lending Risk
== Regulatory Capital == ...such as [[Probability of Default]] and [[Loss Given Default]] used for FX loans properly capture the full impact of FX risk in credit performance, it is un

3 KB (512 words) - 13:04, 16 April 2021
Consumer Credit Directive
...triment under certain circumstances, such as zero-interest loans, [[Payday Loans]], leasing agreements that do not impose an obligation to purchase, or agre ...r protection across the EU and in the reduction of fragmentation of the EU regulatory framework through the introduction of certain harmonization articles (for i

11 KB (1,668 words) - 16:49, 11 November 2021
SME Lending
'''SME Lending''' denotes any of a wide array of loans or related financial products that provide financing to [[wikipedia:Small a == Regulatory Status ==

2 KB (216 words) - 21:07, 31 March 2021
SME Credit Risk Literature
|| EBA || 2015 || EU || Risk Factors || Regulatory Treatment | Credit Risk Model for loans to SMEs in Sweden

8 KB (1,007 words) - 13:00, 7 September 2020
Third Party Risk
...a third party. Failure to manage these risks can expose an institution to regulatory action, financial loss, litigation and reputation damage, and may even impa ...es from the use of third parties that market or originate certain types of loans, solicit and refer customers, conduct underwriting analysis, or set up prod

5 KB (757 words) - 16:54, 11 September 2019
Glossary of Sustainable Finance
=== Named Initiatives, Principles and Regulatory Frameworks === ...imate change || The Fund’s investments can be in the form of grants, loans, equity or guarantees || [https://www.greenclimate.fund/who-we-are/abou

21 KB (2,506 words) - 12:10, 27 February 2024
Central Bank
...Bank'''. A financial institution that is the monetary authority and major regulatory bank for a country (or group of countries) ...l commercial financial institution, a central bank charges interest on the loans made to borrowers, primarily the government of whichever jurisdiction the f

2 KB (244 words) - 20:59, 10 February 2020
Loan Regulatory Requirement
'''Loan Regulatory Requirement'''. A regulatory requirement defined in regulations by a comsumer credit act or other legisl Presence of a loan regulatory requirement associated with a loan indicates that the loan is regulated by

878 bytes (126 words) - 11:07, 8 October 2019
Consumer Credit Requirement
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

837 bytes (126 words) - 11:07, 8 October 2019
Consumer Protection Agency
Note that this is consumer protection, and not other regulatory requirements such as systemic risk. an instance of this is the Consumer Fin [[Category:Loans Regulatory]]

969 bytes (137 words) - 16:16, 25 September 2021
Product Disclosure Right
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

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Borrower Data Protection Requirement
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

620 bytes (85 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Data Protection Requirement
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

1 KB (171 words) - 22:41, 27 September 2021
Consumer Credit Reference Agency
...e not covered by some judgement against the party. There will be different regulatory requirments about: 1. What the CR Agency can hold 2. Who they can divulge i [[Category:Loans Regulatory]]

1 KB (176 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Borrower Disclosure Requirement
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

615 bytes (84 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Disclosure Requirement
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

807 bytes (110 words) - 15:58, 23 September 2020
Borrower Right
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

954 bytes (145 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Consumer Right
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

598 bytes (83 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Consumer Credit Equal Treatment Requirement
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

627 bytes (86 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Equal Treatment Right
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

648 bytes (92 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Consumer Credit Protection Law
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

789 bytes (107 words) - 16:17, 25 September 2021
Consumer Protection Law
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

715 bytes (98 words) - 16:18, 25 September 2021
Credit Reference Agency Requirements
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

1 KB (219 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Good Faith Estimate
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

781 bytes (113 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Loan Product Representations
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

1 KB (162 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Information Right
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

730 bytes (105 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Lender Right
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

3 KB (450 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Representation
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

598 bytes (82 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Product Disclosure Requirement
There are also rules which encompass limitations on how you might attach loans and liens to principle dwellings, e.g. when or whether you can foreclose on [[Category:Loans Regulatory]]

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Reg B
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

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Reg Z
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

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Right Of Credit Record Correction
[[Category:Loans Regulatory]] {{#set: isDefinedBy | https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/LOAN/Loans/LoansRegulatory/index-en.html }}

661 bytes (94 words) - 11:21, 8 October 2019
Credit Portfolio versus Loan Portfolio
...d as a ''subset'' of the broader credit portfolio class that only involves loans. ** The applicable Regulatory Regime (including required [[Risk Capital]])

1 KB (207 words) - 11:18, 5 October 2021
Sustainability Strategies
* Anticipating regulatory changes * Development of products such as green bonds and loans, which must be compliant with specific requirements in terms of the use of

2 KB (325 words) - 16:44, 3 June 2020
BCBS C136
...ause of system problems, default, or any other reason, the banks that have loans outstanding to that bank also incur bad debts and the default is passed alo For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

3 KB (406 words) - 11:47, 26 March 2021
Leveraged Transaction
'''Leveraged Transaction''' is a regulatory designation for financing that uses significant amounts of [[Leverage]] standard bilateral loans to micro, small, medium-sized and large enterprises.

3 KB (396 words) - 14:49, 3 June 2020
Corporate Credit Risk Analysis
...f individual economic (sub-)sectors in a chart or on a scaling system. For loans or borrowers associated with a higher ESG risk, a more intensive analysis o Institutions should assess the financial position when granting loans to holding companies, both as a separate entity, e.g. at consolidated level

12 KB (1,843 words) - 14:46, 1 September 2020
Co-Origination of Loans
'''Co-Origination of Loans''' is a [[Credit Origination]] model described as the sharing of risks and ...visioning requirements including declaration of account as NPA, as per the regulatory guidelines respectively applicable to each of them. Each of the lenders sha

4 KB (677 words) - 22:24, 27 September 2021
Project Finance Structure
...r mezzanine), usually in the form of a syndicate (Both short and long term Loans and Bonds) * Regulatory Agencies

1 KB (144 words) - 13:14, 16 June 2023
ISCO Unit Group 1346 Financial And Insurance Services Branch Managers
...ow of cash and financial instruments, and the preparation of financial and regulatory reports; ...or rejection of, lines of credit for commercial, real estate and personal loans;

2 KB (292 words) - 11:58, 26 February 2021
BCBS 121
''Sound Credit Risk Assessment and Valuation for Loans - consultative paper''. ...e on sound credit risk assessment and valuation policies and practices for loans regardless of the accounting framework applied. As such, the principles in

7 KB (1,077 words) - 11:43, 26 March 2021
BCBS 126
''Sound credit risk assessment and valuation for loans''. ...for assessing credit risk, accounting for loan impairment and determining regulatory capital requirements. The guidance supersedes Sound practices for loan acco

4 KB (589 words) - 11:43, 26 March 2021
BCBS 144
...banks in the maturity transformation of short-term deposits into long-term loans makes banks inherently vulnerable to liquidity risk, both of an institution For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

6 KB (931 words) - 11:43, 26 March 2021
BCBS 36
.... The opportunity has also been taken to substitute the word "claims" for "loans" in several parts of the text. For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

2 KB (228 words) - 11:46, 26 March 2021
BCBS 43
...ervisors and accounting standard-setters on recognition and measurement of loans, establishment of loan loss allowances, credit risk disclosure and related ...he paper presents sound disclosure practices for loan portfolios, troubled loans, loan loss allowances and related risk management practices. The paper conc

4 KB (610 words) - 11:46, 26 March 2021
BCBS 54
...it risk (or counterparty risk) in various financial instruments other than loans, including acceptances, interbank transactions, trade financing, foreign ex For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

7 KB (1,075 words) - 11:46, 26 March 2021
BCBS 55
...ment has been superseded by Sound credit risk assessment and valuation for loans, June 2006. ...uidance to banks and banking supervisors on recognition and measurement of loans, establishment of loan loss allowances, credit risk disclosure and related

4 KB (641 words) - 11:46, 26 March 2021
BCBS 75
...it risk (or counterparty risk) in various financial instruments other than loans, including acceptances, interbank transactions, trade financing, foreign ex For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

7 KB (1,103 words) - 11:46, 26 March 2021
BCBS C122
...r to other foreign impediments that might endanger repayment of the banks' loans. The presence of country risk in international lending, however, does not m For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

3 KB (381 words) - 11:47, 26 March 2021
BCBS D311
...for assessing credit risk, accounting for loan impairment and determining regulatory capital requirements. This document replaces the Committee's June 2006 guid For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

3 KB (424 words) - 11:47, 26 March 2021
BCBS D347
...oaches for jurisdictions that do not allow the use of external ratings for regulatory purposes. The proposed risk weighting of real estate loans has also been modified, with the loan-to-value ratio as the main risk drive

4 KB (572 words) - 11:47, 26 March 2021
BCBS D350
...erall credit risk practices and regulatory framework, but does not set out regulatory capital requirements on expected loss provisioning under the Basel capital ...supervisory guidance on Sound credit risk assessment and valuation for loans to address how common data and processes may be used for credit risk a

3 KB (471 words) - 11:47, 26 March 2021
BCBS D367
...d there are no consistent international standards for categorising problem loans. The definitions proposed by the Basel Committee aim to foster harmonisatio ...of non-performing exposures introduces criteria for categorising loans and debt securities that are centred around delinquency status (90 days pas

4 KB (513 words) - 11:48, 26 March 2021
BCBS D487
...bank's exposure to a targeted credit segment (eg, residential real estate loans). Targeted tools such as the SCCyB may be effective to aid in building resi For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

3 KB (383 words) - 11:49, 26 March 2021
BCBS D504
''Capital treatment of securitisations of non-performing loans''. ...work and set out a prudent treatment for securitisations of non-performing loans. The proposal was being developed by the Committee before the onset of the

2 KB (315 words) - 11:49, 26 March 2021
BCBS D511
''Capital treatment of securitisations of non-performing loans''. ...allow banks to apply the external ratings-based approach to non-performing loans securitisation exposures, without the 100% risk weight floor. In addition,

2 KB (319 words) - 11:49, 26 March 2021
BCBS WP22
...on an underlying Expected Shortfall, mark-to-market framework for setting regulatory capital. This mark-to-market underpinning, along with other key assumptions For definitive information on regulatory matters always consult primary sources, especially where it concerns legall

2 KB (292 words) - 11:50, 26 March 2021
BCBS WP31
...example of the importance and relevance of banks' financial reporting in a regulatory and supervisory context. ...s tasked to "identify ways in which the interaction between accounting and regulatory rules provides incentives that affect the risk taking of financial institut

3 KB (484 words) - 11:50, 26 March 2021
BCBS WP9
...rk is that most banks use different internal risk rating criteria for such loans, and may treat them separately in other internal risk management processes. ...framework to SL is based on an evolutionary approach for the assessment of regulatory capital requirements. However, while the evolutionary concept is consistent

4 KB (699 words) - 11:51, 26 March 2021
Riskwashing
...e factual [[Risk Profile]]), the [[Risk Culture]] of an entity, societal / regulatory environment etc.

1 KB (204 words) - 11:49, 11 May 2021
ESG Risk Integration Challenges
the timing and effect of policies and related regulatory interventions, whose specific implementation is largely the responsibility ...higher credit losses, if an institution is exposed to those activities via loans or bonds, or losses in market value, where the exposure is in the form of f

5 KB (730 words) - 16:26, 11 August 2021